Abstract The main purpose of this article is to investigate the evolution of China, Brazil and India participation in the pharmaceutical global value chains and how the development of their respective pharmaceutical industries impacted their positioning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The object of this research will be the State policies implemented in order to develop the pharmaceutical sector in the countries analyzed, as well as the impacts on its international insertion between 1980 and 2022. The article adopts the analytical framework of global value chains, which explains the division of production processes across different States and the concentration of production of intangible assets with high added value (such as technology and intellectual property) in important nodes (countries) of a given chain. In this sense, we propose the following research questions: how does the insertion of China, India and Brazil occur in global value chains in this sector? Which nodes did they manage to occupy? Answering these questions allows us to assess whether the international insertion of these countries took place in a subordinate manner or with a greater degree of autonomy and governance in the pharmaceutical chains. Finally, an analysis will be carried out of how the development of the pharmaceutical industry in the selected countries impacted their position in relation to the global pharmaceutical industry

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar a evolução da participação de China, Índia e Brasil nas cadeias globais de fármacos e como o desenvolvimento de suas respectivas indústrias farmacêuticas impactou seu posicionamento durante a pandemia de Covid-19. O objeto desta pesquisa serão as políticas de Estado executadas de modo a desenvolver o setor de fármacos nos países analisados, bem como os impactos para a sua inserção internacional entre 1980 e 2022. O artigo adota o instrumental de análise das cadeias globais de valor, que explicita a divisão dos processos produtivos através de diferentes Estados e a concentração da produção de ativos intangíveis de alto valor agregado (como tecnologia e propriedade intelectual) em nódulos (países) importantes de determinada cadeia. Neste sentido, propomos como perguntas de pesquisa: como ocorre a inserção de China, Índia e Brasil nas cadeias globais de valor neste setor? Quais os nódulos que conseguiram ocupar? A resposta destas perguntas possibilita-nos avaliar se a inserção internacional desses países se deu de forma subordinada ou com maior grau de autonomia e governança nas cadeias de fármacos. Por fim, será realizada uma análise de como o desenvolvimento da indústria farmacêutica dos países selecionados impactou seu posicionamento em relação à indústria farmacêutica global.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and estimate the cost of basic care in sickle cell disease (SCD) for patients under five years of age, within the scope of the Unified Health System (SUS) and to discuss the costs related to possible complications of the disease from the literature. Methods: The main management and conduct recommendations in the SCD up to five years of age, with healthy and baseline health status, were extracted from the Basic Guidelines of the Care Line in the SCD of the Ministry of Health. Systematic data regarding costs of medicines were extracted from the Medicine Market Regulation Chamber. The SUS Table of Procedures, Medicines and Orthotics, Prosthetics and Auxiliary Means of Movement Management System was the guide for the values of complementary exams, as well as for medical consultations. The values applied to calculate the vaccination schedule were extracted from the Pan American Health Organization, adopting the perspective of the SUS-paying costs. Results: The total cost obtained for basic care of SCD in children up to five years of age, including the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, immunizations and the performance of transcranial Doppler ultrasound in the prevention and early detection of cerebrovascular accidents was, on average, $1020.96. Conclusion: The cost-effectiveness of prophylaxis in SCD, up to five years of age, exceeds the expenses resulting from hospitalizations due to complications of the disease. The study of expenses associated with SCD could be used to establish public policies, improve prevention strategies and treat the symptoms and complications of the disease.

Abstract This essay discusses the intervention possibilities of occupational therapy in the field of work in the pandemic period, as well as points out the challenges and perspectives of post-pandemic actions. Interventions were discussed from three stages: i) pre-pandemic preparation; ii) pandemic preparedness strategies; iii) post-pandemic recovery, considering the micro, meso and macrostructural levels, from the perspective of a practice centered on the person and the work environment. Attention to work (in)capacities and acting in the process of returning to work were considered the main interventions of the occupational therapist, articulated with the various actors, institutions, services and class entities, in order to expand actions and promote a network integrated care. The new configurations of work resulting from technological innovation have expanded the interdisciplinary dialogue between occupational therapy and the field of work. It is expected to contribute with theoretical reflections about professional practice and the strengthening of this field in contemporary times.

Resumo Este ensaio discute as possibilidades de intervenção da terapia ocupacional no campo do trabalho em período pandêmico, bem como apontar os desafios e perspectivas de atuações pós-pandemia. As intervenções foram discutidas a partir de três estágios: i) preparação pré-pandemia; ii) estratégias de preparação durante a pandemia; iii) recuperação pós-pandemia, considerando os níveis micro, meso e macroestruturais, a partir da perspectiva de uma prática centrada na pessoa e no ambiente de trabalho. A atenção às (in)capacidades laborais e a atuação no processo de retorno ao trabalho foram consideradas as principais intervenções do terapeuta ocupacional, articuladas com os diversos atores, instituições, serviços e entidades de classe, de forma a ampliar as ações e promover uma rede de atenção integrada. As novas configurações do trabalho resultantes da inovação tecnológica ampliaram o diálogo interdisciplinar da terapia ocupacional com o campo do trabalho. Espera-se contribuir com reflexões teóricas para pensar a prática profissional e o fortalecimento desse campo na contemporaneidade.

Abstract Diabetes is characterized by increased levels of oxidative stress. Its suggested that extract of cupuaçu could improve the antioxidant system in diabetes. The aim was to evaluate the effect of EC on Nrf2/NF-κB p65 in normal and diabetic rats. Male, adult Wistar rats (9-week-old) were distributed in 4 groups: control (CTL) and diabetic (DM) who received water; CTLEC and DMEC who received 1 mL/day of EC (1 g/mL), via gavage for 8 consecutive weeks. The diabetes was inducted with a single intravenous dose of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin. Glycemia and body weight were measured at the beginning and end of the protocol, and the renal tissue was analyzed by Western blot for SOD-1, SOD-2, CAT, GSSG, Nrf2, NF-κB p65, iNOS and 3-NT. Glycemia was reduced in DMEC vs. DM after 8 weeks of EC treatment. There was no difference in body weight of DMEC vs. DM; however, DMEC vs. DM presented increased levels of CAT and Nrf2, with a significant reduction of NF-κB p65, iNOS and 3-NT. Therefore, we suggest that EC could be utilized as a complementary therapy to ameliorate the antioxidant profile via Nrf2 and to delay the evolution of diabetic complications in renal tissue by inflammatory pathway inhibition.

Abstract: In order to analyze the pedagogical concepts and approaches of environmental education, a systematic review was carried out in the texts of the Brazilian Journal of Pedagogical Studies, between 2010 and 2020. The review presents 11 studies, analyzed from the operationalization of Minayo (1999). The categories were, initially, constituted of traditional and innovative concepts of environmental education, using as classification criteria indicators elaborated from the intersection of teaching approaches by Mizukami (1986), the educational paradigms presented by Behrens (2013), and the current views on environmental education by Sauvé (2005). Results demonstrated a predominance of innovative concepts, mainly because most of the works were published from 2015 onwards. Time discrepancy is another factor to be considered; only one work included in the category of traditional concepts was published in the last 5 years. It is believed that the results ought to broaden the debate on the important link between pedagogical approaches and the characteristics of environmental education in the teaching practice.

Resumen: Con el objetivo de analizar los conceptos y enfoques pedagógicos de la Educación Ambiental (EA), se realizó una revisión sistemática en los artículos de la Revista Brasileña de Estudios Pedagógicos entre los años 2010 y 2020. La revisión presenta 11 artículos, analizados con base en la operacionalización de Minayo (1999). Las categorías a priori consisten en concepciones tradicionales e innovadoras de EA, utilizando como criterios de clasificación los indicadores elaborados a partir del cruce de enfoques didácticos de Mizukami (1986), los paradigmas educativos de Behrens (2013) y las corrientes de EA de Sauvé (2005). Los resultados evidencian el predominio de la concepción innovadora, debido principalmente a que la mayoría de los trabajos fueron publicados después del año 2015. La diferencia temporal es otro factor para considerar: solo un trabajo incluido en la categoría de concepciones tradicionales fue publicado en los últimos 5 años. Se cree que los resultados pueden contribuir a ampliar el debate sobre la importante relación entre el enfoque pedagógico y las características de la EA en la práctica docente.

Resumo: Com o objetivo de analisar as concepções e abordagens pedagógicas da educação ambiental (EA), foi realizada uma revisão sistemática nos artigos da Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (RBEP) entre os anos de 2010 e 2020. A revisão apresenta 11 artigos, analisados com base na operacionalização de Minayo (1999). As categorias a priori se constituem em concepções tradicionais e inovadoras de EA, utilizando como critério de classificação os indicadores elaborados mediante o cruzamento das abordagens do ensino de Mizukami (1986), dos paradigmas educacionais de Behrens (2013) e das correntes de EA de Sauvé (2005). Os resultados demonstram o predomínio da concepção inovadora, sobretudo pelo fato de a maioria dos trabalhos ter sido publicada após o ano de 2015. A diferença temporal é outro fator a considerar: apenas um trabalho incluído na categoria das concepções tradicionais foi publicado nos últimos cinco anos. Acredita-se que os resultados possam contribuir para a ampliação do debate quanto à importante relação entre a abordagem pedagógica e as características da EA na prática docente.

Abstract Objective: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) is a simplified bedside neurophysiology tool that has been implemented in the neonatal intensive care unit and studied in an extensive range of clinical applications in the past decade. This critical review aimed to evaluate a variety of clinical applications of aEEG monitoring in diagnosis, clinical management, and prognosis assessment in critically ill neonates. Sources: The databases of Pubmed, SciELO, Lilacs, and Cochrane, books, and other online resources were consulted, as well as sources of professional experiences. Summary of findings: The clinical use of aEEG to access real-time brain function, background activity, and utility in seizures detection has been described. A critical review was realized considering the authors’ professional experience. Newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and seizures screening represent the most common studied population. However, several studies have shown interesting applications on preterm infants, newborns with congenital heart disease, and other clinical situations of high risk of injury to the developing brain. Conclusion: The aEEG has shown to be a useful non-invasive bedside monitor that aids in evaluating brain function, background activity, and cyclicity. aEEG findings have also demonstrated good prognostic value in a group of critically ill neonates. The aEEG seizure diagnosis capability has limitations, which have been already well established. The use of neonatal brain monitoring such as aEEG was shown to give valuable information in several high-risk clinical situations.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize teleconsultations in neurology executed by Regula+Brasil project in Recife, a capital city in northeastern Brazil. METHODS: A descriptive study carried out by four private hospitals, in a partnership with the Ministry of Health in Brazil. Teleconsultation was performed preferably in the video modality. Conditions eligible for teleconsultation were headache, epilepsy, and cerebrovascular disorders. Period of analysis was May to September 2020. RESULTS: A total of 243 teleconsultations were analyzed, of which 76.95% was a first appointment. In 48.97% of cases, the teleconsultation represented the first opportunity for the patient to be consulted with the specialist. Among cases of first appointment, 20.16% were further referred to a face-to-face consultation and 21.81% could be redirected to primary health care. Headache disorders were the most predominant clinical conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation and development of telemedicine by Regula+Brasil during the COVID-19 pandemic represented an opportunity to assess the value of having teleconsultations added along the line of care from primary care to a medical specialty, promoting the coordination of care across different levels of complexity of care in the health system and improving access to specialized care.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Brazil, the sickle cell trait (SCT) has an average prevalence of 4% in the general population and 6-10% among Afro-descendants. Although SCT is highly prevalent, a large segment of the population ignores their status. The Therapeutic Guidelines prohibit the transfusion of SCT red blood cells into patients with hemoglobin disorders or severe acidosis and newborns. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data from 37,310 blood donation candidates. The study included only eligible first-time donors qualified to be tested for the presence of hemoglobin S (HbS) at the Fundação Hemominas Juiz de Fora, Brazil. The variables studied were gender, skin color, age, type of donation, place of birth, blood type, result of the solubility test for hemoglobin S (HbST) and hemoglobin electrophoresis (HbEF). Statistical analysis was performed using the Q square test and the Kappa index of agreement for comparing biochemical methods. This project was approved by the National Research Ethics Committee. Results: The analysis of first-time donor data showed that 7166 were considered eligible. A total of 127 of the 7166 donors were carriers of SCT (1.77%). Among the blood donors, 73.23% were from the local area. The HbST and HbEF were found to be 100% in concordance. Sensitivity was not tested in the present study. Conclusions: The HbST is highly specific for identifying the HbS, but sensitivity was not tested in this study. The screening of blood donors for abnormal hemoglobins is useful, helping to detect and counsel heterozygous people. The study seeks to identify the prevalence of SCT in a region of Brazil.

Resumo Objetivo Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever o perfil dos estudantes das áreas da saúde e exatas de uma universidade pública da região Centro-Oeste, determinar a prevalência de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC) entre estes estudantes e verificar os fatores sociodemográficos e relacionadas ao curso associados a sua ocorrência no contexto da pandemia. Método Estudo transversal e de correlação realizado de maio a setembro de 2020 com uma amostra de 493 estudantes que responderam a um questionário eletrônico sobre as variáveis sociodemográficas e ao Self Reporting Questionnaire - SRQ 20. Foram realizadas análises descritivas das variáveis e de regressão logística por meio do Statiscal Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 21.0. Foi adotado ponto de corte ≥7 no SRQ-20 para suspeição de TMC. Resultados A prevalência de TMC na população estudada foi de 66,1%. Na comparação entre os grupos (com ou sem TMC), as maiores taxas de prevalência estavam vinculadas ao sexo feminino (p<0,001) e estar em acompanhamento de saúde (p<0,001). A análise de regressão indicou como preditores significativos para TMC ser do sexo feminino (p<0,001) e estar em algum curso da área de exatas (p=0,050). Conclusão A alta prevalência de TMC demonstra a importância de programas de prevenção do sofrimento psíquico centrados nas necessidades dos acadêmicos, considerando o seu contexto e realidade vivida, buscando à promoção de saúde, bem-estar e o cuidado dos estudantes universitários.

Abstract Objective Describe the profile of students in the health and exact undergraduate courses of a public university in the Midwest region of Brazil, determine the prevalence of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) among these students, and verify the sociodemographic and course-related factors associated with their occurrence. Method A cross-sectional and relational study was carried out from May to September 2020 with a sample of 493 students who answered a survey on sociodemographic variables and the Self-reporting Questionnaire (SRQ 20). We conducted descriptive analyses of the variables and logistic regression, using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. A cutoff point ≥7 was adopted in the SRQ-20 for suspected CMD. Results The prevalence of CMD in the sample was 66.1%. Comparison between the groups (with or without CMD) showed that the highest prevalence rates were linked to the female gender (p<0.001) and undergoing health care treatment (p<0.001). Regression analysis indicated significant predictors for CMD being female (p<0.001) and being enrolled in exact science courses (p=0.050). Conclusion The high prevalence of CMD reinforces the need to invest in the creation of care spaces that pay special attention to women and exact sciences students, in addition to discussing student assistance policies aimed at promoting the health, well-being, and care of university students.

Laboratory animals are essential mainly for experiments aiming to study pathogenesis and evaluate antivirals and vaccines against emerging human infectious diseases. Preclinical studies of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pathogenesis have used several animal species as models: transgenic human ACE2 mice (K18 mice), inbred BALB/c or C57BL/6N mice, ferrets, minks, domestic cats and dogs, hamsters, and macaques. However, the choice of an animal model relies on several limitations. Besides the host susceptibility, the researcher’s experience with animal model management and the correct interpretation of clinical and laboratory records are crucial to succeed in preclinical translational research. Here, we summarise pathological and clinical findings correlated with virological data and immunological changes observed from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) experimental infections using different well-established SARS-CoV-2 animal model species. This essay aims to critically evaluate the current state of animal model translation to clinical data, as described in the human SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Resumo Estudos de perfil sociodemográfico são importantes para o planejamento e análise das necessidades de uma população. No campo da saúde mental, pesquisas sobre o perfil de usuários desses serviços ainda são incipientes no Brasil. Objetivou-se descrever o perfil sociodemográfico de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) e verificar se existem associações entre a variável escolaridade com as demais variáveis sociodemográficas. Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo e associativo, do tipo retrospectivo, com coleta a partir de prontuários, protocolo de acolhimento, relatório social e anamnese psiquiátrica. A análise de dados foi descritiva e com testes de associação. Identificou-se uma proporção usuários do sexo feminino no CAPS (n=324). Os usuários eram oriundos majoritariamente da Região Centro-Oeste do país (n=239), seguida da Nordeste (n=144). Os resultados indicaram um alto número de desemprego (n=130) e níveis elevados para baixa escolaridade (n=264). As variáveis: trabalho (p=0.0005), ocupação (p=0.0005), renda (p<0.0001), quantidade de filhos (p<0.007) e receber benefício (p=0.02) apresentaram correlações positivas com o nível de escolaridade. Conclui-se que pesquisas de correlação entre dados sociodemográficos e indicadores da saúde mental podem fornecer evidências para a criação de políticas públicas nesse campo e desdobramentos para a inclusão social dos usuários.

Abstract Sociodemographic studies are important for planning and analyzing the needs of the population. Research on the profile of users of mental health services is still incipient in Brazil. We aimed to describe the sociodemographic profile of users of a psychosocial care center and to verify if there are associations between the variable education with the other demographic variables. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, associative, and retrospective study, with data gathered through by medical records, protocol of reception, social report and psychiatric anamnesis. Data analysis was performed through a descriptive and association tests. The prevalence of women users in the services was identified (n=324). The users came mainly from the Middle-West (n=239) of the country, followed by the Northeast (n=144). The social conditions stated a high number of unemployment (n=130), in addition to the elementary and high school levels. The variables: work (p = 0.0005), occupation (p = 0.0005), income (p <0.0001), number of children (p <0.007) and receive benefit (p = 0.02) presented positive correlations. We concluded on the importance of research of correlations between sociodemographic data and mental health variables to provide evidence in the creation of public policies in this field and social inclusion of users.

Resumo Estudos de perfil sociodemográfico são importantes para o planejamento e análise das necessidades de uma população. No campo da saúde mental, pesquisas sobre o perfil de usuários desses serviços ainda são incipientes no Brasil. Objetivou-se descrever o perfil sociodemográfico de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) e verificar se existem associações entre a variável escolaridade com as demais variáveis sociodemográficas. Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo e associativo, do tipo retrospectivo, com coleta a partir de prontuários, protocolo de acolhimento, relatório social e anamnese psiquiátrica. A análise de dados foi descritiva e com testes de associação. Identificou-se uma proporção usuários do sexo feminino no CAPS (n=324). Os usuários eram oriundos majoritariamente da Região Centro-Oeste do país (n=239), seguida da Nordeste (n=144). Os resultados indicaram um alto número de desemprego (n=130) e níveis elevados para baixa escolaridade (n=264). As variáveis: trabalho (p=0.0005), ocupação (p=0.0005), renda (p<0.0001), quantidade de filhos (p<0.007) e receber benefício (p=0.02) apresentaram correlações positivas com o nível de escolaridade. Conclui-se que pesquisas de correlação entre dados sociodemográficos e indicadores da saúde mental podem fornecer evidências para a criação de políticas públicas nesse campo e desdobramentos para a inclusão social dos usuários.

Abstract Sociodemographic studies are important for planning and analyzing the needs of the population. Research on the profile of users of mental health services is still incipient in Brazil. We aimed to describe the sociodemographic profile of users of a psychosocial care center and to verify if there are associations between the variable education with the other demographic variables. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, associative, and retrospective study, with data gathered through by medical records, protocol of reception, social report and psychiatric anamnesis. Data analysis was performed through a descriptive and association tests. The prevalence of women users in the services was identified (n=324). The users came mainly from the Middle-West (n=239) of the country, followed by the Northeast (n=144). The social conditions stated a high number of unemployment (n=130), in addition to the elementary and high school levels. The variables: work (p = 0.0005), occupation (p = 0.0005), income (p <0.0001), number of children (p <0.007) and receive benefit (p = 0.02) presented positive correlations. We concluded on the importance of research of correlations between sociodemographic data and mental health variables to provide evidence in the creation of public policies in this field and social inclusion of users.

RESUMO A Dissecção da Artéria Vertebral (DAV) é quadro raro que pode ser causado por movimentação de grande amplitude do pescoço, que lesiona a parede desse vaso, podendo provocar isquemia no cerebelo. Apresentamos um homem de 37 anos, com hérnia de disco e rinossinusite alérgica que lhe causava crises de espirros em salva (CE). Após uma dessas crises com ricocheteamento da cabeça, apresentou desalinhamento de C3 com dor local. Vinte e um dias depois, acometido por nova crise, apresentou cefaleia temporal esquerda, nistagmo e vertigem. Decorridos 3 dias, o paciente foi submetido a Ressoânncia Magnética (RM), que identificou 2 regiões de isquemia cerebelar e enchimento comprometido da artéria vertebral direita. Após 2 dias, foram feitos Angiotomografia Computadorizada (Angio TC), que constatou DAV direita com trombo local, sem sinais aneurismáticos, e Doppler Transcraniano, que não indicou aumento do fluxo sanguíneo dessa artéria. O tratamento sugerido envolvia administração de anticoagulante Apixabana 5mg, 12/12h, por 3 meses, até que o quadro fosse reavaliado com novas Angio TC e RM. Foi recomendado que o paciente ficasse afastado do trabalho por 1 mês e de exercícios físicos intensos por 3 meses, porém devido a contratempos, esses prazos foram prorrogados até nova consulta, 4 meses após a primeira. Os novos exames não apresentaram alterações, indicando que o quadro estava estável. Esse caso tem como objetivo indicar as possíveis investigações do diagnóstico e opções terapêuticas da rara associação entre DAV com infarto cerebelar em caso bem documentado.

SUMMARY Vertebral Artery Dissection (VAD) is a rare condition that can be caused by a wide amplitude of neck movement, which injures the vessel wall and can cause ischemia in the cerebellum. We present a 37-year-old man with herniated lumbar disc and allergic rhinosinusitis, which caused sneezing spells. After one of these bouts with a ricochet of the head, he presented C3 misalignment with local pain. Twenty-one days later, affected by a new crisis, he presented left temporal headache, nystagmus, and vertigo. After 3 days, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) identified 2 regions of cerebellar ischemia and filling failure of the right vertebral artery. After 2 days, Computed Angiotomography (CT Angiography) was performed and showed right VAD with a local thrombus, without aneurysmal signs. Transcranial Doppler did not indicate an increase in blood flow from this artery. The suggested treatment involved administration of anticoagulant Apixabana 5mg, 12/12h, for 3 months, until the condition was reevaluated with new Angio CT and MRI. It was recommended that the patient was released from work for 1 month and forbidden from doing intense physical exercises for 3 months; however, due to setbacks, these deadlines were extended until a new appointment, 4 months after the first visit. The new tests showed no changes, indicating that the condition was stable. This case aims to indicate the possible investigations of the diagnosis and therapeutic options of the rare association between VAD with cerebellar infarction in a well-documented case.

Resumo Introdução O Instrumento de Identificação da Participação Ocupacional do Modelo de Ocupação Humana (MOHOST Brasil) foi desenvolvido no Reino Unido e mensura a participação ocupacional. Até a sua presente tradução, para o Brasil, não haviam instrumentos padronizados e que mensurassem o mesmo constructo. Objetivos Descrever o processo de tradução e adaptação cultural do MOHOST para o Brasil, examinar a sua validade de face e confiabilidade no teste-reteste por terapeutas ocupacionais. Método Inicialmente foi estabelecido um contato para a autorização da tradução e, posteriormente, seguidas as etapas de tradução, retrotradução, comitê de especialistas, validade de face e teste-reteste. O comitê de especialistas foi composto por dez terapeutas ocupacionais. A validade de face contou com a participação de 50 terapeutas ocupacionais. A análise estatística foi empregada para investigar se o entendimento do MOHOST pelos terapeutas ocupacionais estava vinculado à sua duração da experiência clínica. A confiabilidade teste-reteste foi examinada em uma amostra de oito adultos com deficiência física, em um intervalo de uma semana. Resultados A adaptação transcultural do MOHOST (Brasil) foi concluída. Foi encontrada uma correlação significativa (p=0,04) entre anos de experiência profissional e maior entendimento dos itens do MOHOST. O MOHOST apresentou confiabilidade muito alta no teste-reteste (r>0,900). Conclusão A versão brasileira apresenta validação de face e confiabilidade no teste-reteste. Estudos futuros abordando as propriedades psicométricas de validade convergente e confiabilidade entre avaliadores são recomendados.

Abstract Introduction The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) was developed in the UK and measures the occupational participation. Until its translation, there were no standardised instruments in Brazil of a similar nature. Objectives To describe the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process of the MOHOST for Brazil, its face validity and test-retest reliability among occupational therapists. Method A translation agreement was established allowing the assessment to be translated and honed after a back translation. An expert committee was formed of ten occupational therapists to test face validity of the instrument with 50 occupational therapists. Statistical analysis was employed to investigate whether the occupational therapists’ understanding of the MOHOST was linked to their length of clinical experience. The test-retest reliability was examined among a sample of eight adults with physical disabilities. Results The cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian MOHOST has been completed. A significant correlation (p=0.04) was found between years of professional experience and greater understanding of the MOHOST items. The MOHOST presented very high reliability in the test-retest (r>0.900). Conclusion A Brazilian translation of the MOHOST has face validation and test-retest reliability. Future studies addressing this instrument’s psychometric properties of validity and inter-rater reliability are recommended.

Resumo: O presente estudo buscou responder à seguinte questão: Qual a relação entre os cursos de Educação Ambiental (EA) oferecidos pela Rede Municipal de Curitiba (PR) aos professores de Educação Infantil (EI) e seus desdobramentos na prática pedagógica junto às crianças? Este estudo foi realizado em 10 Centro Municipais de EI e usou a análise documental, a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação de uma prática de EA para identificar as fontes usadas pelos professores para o planejamento de atividades de EA e descrever os conhecimentos necessários para o desenvolvimento da prática em EA. Para a interpretação e análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo e foram elaboradas duas categorias: a relação teórica e prática na formação continuada, e limites e possibilidades da efetivação da EA na EI. Foi possível compreender que a Formação Continuada precisa propiciar ao profissional da EI momentos de discussão, reflexão e pesquisa.

Abstract: The present study focuses on this question: What is the relationship between Environmental Education courses offered by the Curitiba Municipal Network - Paraná - to Early Education teachers and their consequences in teaching practice with the children? This study was carried out in 10 Municipal Centers for Early Education, using: documentary analysis, a semi-structured interview and observation of an Environmental Education practice. For the interpretation and analysis of the data, we used content analysis, and two categories were elaborated: the relation between theory and practice in continued education, and the restraints and possibilities for the accomplishment of Environmental Education in Early Childhood. It was possible to understand that Continued Education needs to provide the Child Education professional with moments of discussion, reflection and research.